MonitorCanChannel.c

See the tutorial SendMessage.c for an example on how to send a CAN message.

/*
 * Here we open a channel and print all the messages we receive.
 * SendMessage.c
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

// To use CANlib, we need to include canlib.h and also link to canlib32.lib
// when compiling.
#include "canlib.h"

// The check method takes a canStatus (which is an enumerable) and the method
// name as a string argument. If the status is an error code, it will print it.
// Most Canlib method return a status, and checking it with a method like this
// is a useful practice to avoid code duplication.
void Check(const char* id, canStatus stat){
  if (stat != canOK) {
    char buf[50];
    buf[0] = '\0';
    canGetErrorText(stat, buf, sizeof(buf));
    printf("%s: failed, stat=%d (%s)\n", id, (int)stat, buf);
    exit(1);
  }
}


void dumpMessageLoop(canHandle hnd, int channel_number){
  // First declare some variables for holding the incoming messages. The
  // incoming messages consist of the same parameters as an outgoing message,
  // i.e. identifier (id), body (msg), length (dlc), and flags), as well as a
  // timestamp.
  canStatus stat = canOK;
  long id;
  unsigned int dlc, flags;
  unsigned char msg[8];
  DWORD timestamp;

  printf("Listening for messages on channel %d, press any key to close\n", channel_number);

  // Start a loop that loops until a key is pressed.
  while (!_kbhit()){

    // Call the canReadWait method to wait for a message on the channel. This
    // method has a timeout parameter which in this case is set to 100 ms. If a
    // message is received during this time, it will return the status code
    // canOK and the message will be written to the output parameters. If no
    // message is received, it will return canERR_NOMSG.
    stat = canReadWait(hnd, &id, msg, &dlc, &flags, &timestamp, 100);
    // Check that the returned status is OK (which means that a message has been received)
    if (stat == canOK){
      // If the message contains an error flag (which implies a different kind
      // of error than if an error signal had been returned), an error message
      // will be shown.
      if (flags & canMSG_ERROR_FRAME){
        printf("***ERROR FRAME RECEIVED***");
      }
      // If no error flag was found, the program prints the message.
      else {
        printf("Id: %ld, Msg: %u %u %u %u %u %u %u %u length: %u Flags: %lu\n",
               id, dlc, msg[0], msg[1], msg[2], msg[3], msg[4],
               msg[5], msg[6], msg[7], timestamp);
      }
    }
    // Break the loop if something goes wrong, i.e. if we get a status code
    // that is not canOK (taken care of above) and not canERR_NOMSG
    else if (stat != canERR_NOMSG){
      Check("canRead", stat);
      break;
    }
  }
}


void main(int argc, int* argv[]){
  // Holds a handle to the CAN channel
  canHandle hnd;

  // Status returned by the Canlib calls
  canStatus stat;

  // The CANlib channel number we would like to use
  int channel_number = 0;

  // The first thing we need to do is to initialize the Canlib library. This
  // always needs to be done before doing anything with the library.
  canInitializeLibrary();

  printf("Opening channel %d\n", channel_number);

  // Next, we open up the channel and receive a handle to it. Depending on what
  // devices you have connected to your computer, you might want to change the
  // channel number. The canOPEN_ACCEPT_VIRTUAL flag means that it is ok to
  // open the selected channel, even if it is on a virtual device.
  hnd = canOpenChannel(channel_number, canOPEN_ACCEPT_VIRTUAL);

  // If the call to canOpenChannel is successful, it will return an integer
  // which is greater than or equal to zero. However, is something goes wrong,
  // it will return an error status which is a negative number.
  if(hnd < 0){

    // To check for errors and print any possible error message, we can use the
    // Check method.
    Check("canOpenChannel", (canStatus)hnd);

    // and then exit the program.
    exit(1);
  }

  printf("Setting bitrate and going bus on\n");

  // Once we have successfully opened a channel, we need to set its bitrate. We
  // do this using canSetBusParams. CANlib provides a set of predefined bus parameter
  // settings in the form of canBITRATE_XXX constants. For other desired bus speeds
  // bus paramters have to be set manually.
  // See CANlib documentation for more information on parameter settings.
  stat = canSetBusParams(hnd, canBITRATE_250K, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  Check("canSetBusParams", stat);

  // Next, take the channel on bus using the canBusOn method. This needs to be
  // done before we can read any messages from the bus.
  stat = canBusOn(hnd);
  Check("canBusOn", stat);

  // Listening for messages
  dumpMessageLoop(hnd, channel_number);

  printf("Going of bus and closing channel");

  // Once we are done using the channel, we go off bus using the
  // canBusOff method. It take the handle as the only argument.
  stat = canBusOff(hnd);
  Check("canBusOff", stat);

  // We also close the channel using the canCloseChannel method, which take the
  // handle as the only argument.
  stat = canClose(hnd);
  Check("canClose", stat);
}

/*
Exercises:
 - Start this program, then run the SendMessage.c program from another
   tutorial. Make sure to modify one of the programs so they use different
   channel numbers which both should be connected.

 - Send an error message to your program using the canMSG_ERROR_FRAME flag.

 - The canReadSync method waits until there is a message on the channel, but
   doesn't read the message. The canRead method reads messages, but returns
   canERR_NOMSG immediately if there is no message on the channel. Rewrite the
   program to use these methods instead of canReadWait.
*/